Chiphunzitso Chachikulu cha Jenereta

Pali zinthu zambiri zachilendo zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa jenereta.Zina mwazimenezi ndi chifukwa cha kulephera mkati mwa jenereta kapena imodzi mwazinthu zake zazing'ono ndipo zina zimachokera kumagetsi omwewo.Gome lotsatirali likufotokozera mwachidule mitundu ya zolephera zomwe zingachitike komanso njira zodzitetezera.

Zolakwika za Stator Ground

Kulephera komwe kumachitika kawirikawiri kwa stator winding ndiko kuwonongeka kwa insulation pakati pa gawo limodzi ndi nthaka.Osazindikirika, cholakwika ichi chikhoza kuwononga phata la jenereta mwachangu.Moto umathekanso pa makina oziziritsa mpweya.Kuthekera kwa chinthu chosiyana cha stator kuti chizindikire cholakwika chapansi ndi ntchito yapano yomwe ilipo.Chifukwa chake, chitetezo chodziyimira pawokha chokhazikika chimafunikira pa stator.

Majenereta amapereka mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi katundu wonse mumagetsi ndi mphamvu zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zimafunikira kuti zipereke zinthu zochititsa chidwi motero zimasunga mphamvu yamagetsi pamtengo wodziwika.Makina amagetsi ali ndi mphamvu zochepa zosungira mphamvu.Chifukwa chake, mbadwo wotayika uyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo kapena kuchuluka kwa katundu wofananako kukhetsedwa.Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti chitetezo cha jenereta chikhale chotetezeka kwambiri panthawi yachisokonezo chakunja.

Jenereta ndi chigawo chimodzi cha machitidwe ovuta omwe amaphatikizapo prime mover, exciter, ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana othandizira.Kuphatikiza pa kuzindikira kwa mabwalo afupikitsa, IED yoteteza jenereta imafunikanso kuti izindikire zinthu zambiri zomwe zingawononge jenereta kapena imodzi mwazinthu zake.Majenereta amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: induction ndi synchronous.Makina opangira ma induction nthawi zambiri amakhala ang'onoang'ono kukula kwake, mpaka kufika pa kVA zana limodzi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa ndi injini yobwereza.Makina osakanikirana amasiyana kukula kuchokera mazana angapo kVA mpaka 1200 MVA.

Majenereta a synchronous amatha kuyendetsedwa ndi ma mover osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ma injini obwereza, ma hydro turbines, ma turbines oyatsira moto, ndi ma turbine akuluakulu a nthunzi.Mtundu wa turbine umakhudza kapangidwe ka jenereta motero zimatha kukhudza zofunikira zachitetezo.Kukula kwa jenereta ndi njira yake yokhazikitsira kukhudzanso zofunikira zake zachitetezo.Makina ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi intaneti yogawa (yolumikizidwa mwachindunji).Mu kasinthidwe awa makina angapo akhoza kulumikizidwa ku basi yomweyo.Makina akulu nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa kudzera pa thiransifoma yodzipereka ku netiweki yotumizira (magawo olumikizidwa).

Chosinthira chachiwiri chamagetsi pama terminal a jenereta chimapereka mphamvu zothandizira pagawo.Ma jenereta amakhazikitsidwa kuti athe kuwongolera kuwononga mphamvu zamagetsi ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito achitetezo.Majenereta olumikizidwa mwachindunji nthawi zambiri amakhazikitsidwa kudzera pakutsekereza kochepa komwe kumachepetsa vuto lapansi mpaka 200-400 amps.Makina olumikizidwa ndi mayunitsi nthawi zambiri amakhazikika chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwakukulu komwe kumachepetsa zomwe zilipo mpaka zosakwana 20 amps.

Pamakina olumikizidwa mwachindunji, makina otsika otsika, njira yodziwikiratu yokhazikika imagwiritsidwa ntchito.Chitetezochi chiyenera kukhala chofulumira komanso chokhudzidwa ndi zolakwika zamkati zamkati pamene nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zotetezeka panthawi yachisokonezo chakunja.Izi zitha kutheka pogwiritsa ntchito chinthu cholakwika chapansi kapena chinthu chosalowerera ndale.Zomwe zili zolephereka zomwe zakhazikitsidwa mu G30 ndi G60 zimagwiritsa ntchito njira yoletsa yofananira yomwe imapereka chitetezo chambiri pazovuta zakunja ndi kuchuluka kwa CT.

Kwa makina olumikizidwa, makina okhazikika okhazikika, njira zopangira magetsi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zizindikire zolakwika.Pogwiritsa ntchito kuphatikizika kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri komanso zachitatu zamphamvu zamagetsi, kuphimba zolakwika zapansi kwa 100% ya mafunde a stator kumatha kukwaniritsidwa.GE relays amagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chachitatu cha harmonic voltage chomwe chimayankha ku chiŵerengero cha ndale ndi ma terminals a harmonic yachitatu.Chida ichi ndi chosavuta kukhazikitsa komanso chosakhudzidwa ndi kusiyana kwa magawo atatu a harmonic pansi pa ntchito yabwinobwino.

Zolakwa za Stator Phase

Kuwonongeka kwa magawo osakhudza nthaka kumatha kuchitika kumapeto kokhotakhota kapena mkati mwa makina omwe ali ndi zozungulira zomwezo polowera komweko.Ngakhale kulakwitsa kwa gawo ndikocheperako kuposa kulakwitsa kwapansi, zomwe zikuchitika chifukwa cha cholakwikacho sizimangokhala ndi kulephera kwapansi.Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti zolakwika izi ziwoneke mwachangu kuti zichepetse kuwonongeka kwa makina.Popeza kuti chiŵerengero cha XOR ndichokwera kwambiri pa jenereta, chinthu chosiyana cha stator chimakhala chokhazikika makamaka ku CT saturation chifukwa cha gawo la DC lamakono panthawi yachisokonezo chakunja.G60 stator differential algorithm imawonjezera chitetezo chowonjezera mu mawonekedwe a cheke chowongolera pamene CT saturation ikukayikiridwa chifukwa cha zigawo za AC kapena DC zapano.